Economics, Business, and Finance

ECON 110: Principles of Economics

This course is an introduction to both microeconomics and macroeconomics. Students are introduced to the analytical tools and techniques used by economists to better understand the choices economic agents make and how markets function. The study of microeconomics includes consumer theory, producer behavior, and analysis of market structure. The study of macroeconomics includes the determination of aggregate production, employment and inflation, as well as fiscal policy, monetary policy, the distribution of income, and economic growth. The theories presented are applied throughout the semester to issues facing the U.S. and world economies. (This course satisfies Social Science.)
cross listed: IREL 110

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ECON 130: Applied Statistics

This course covers three standard topics in statistics at the introductory level: probability theory, statistical inference, and regression analysis. Among the individual topics covered are descriptive statistics, probability rules, discrete probability distribution functions including the bivariate and binomial distributions, continuous density functions including the Normal and t distributions, sampling, hypothesis testing, test statistics, p-values, correlation versus causation, and an introduction to multivariate linear regression analysis. All topics are applied to techniques important to analyze economic, business, and financial behavior. Students who have taken this course will not receive credit for MATH 150. (This course satisfies Quantitative Reasoning.)
cross listed: BUSN 130, FIN 130

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ECON 208: Systemic Racism in the US Economy

This course focuses on ways in which capitalism has used differences in race to reinforce divisions of power and to determine who benefits from its structures. It begins by examining the centrality of slavery to the foundation of capitalism and the industrialization of the United States. The course will survey how race and capitalism have been and continue to be conjoined both theoretically and practically, focusing particularly on the political economy of neoliberalism. Through the lens of the Black Lives Matter Movement it explores how racist policies have led to the inequality in income, wealth, housing, health, and education in the US between blacks and whites. The course concludes by exploring how new antiracist polices can forge a more equitable future for everyone. Prerequisite: ECON 110. (This course satisfies Domestic Pluralism.)

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ECON 210: Microeconomic Theory

Application of economic analysis to business decisions. It covers economic tools with applications to demand analysis, pricing policies, competitive strategy, cost analysis, and decision making. Students who have already completed BUSN 210 will not receive credit for this course. Prerequisites: ECON 110 and MATH 108 or MATH 110 with grades of C- or better.

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ECON 220: Macroeconomic Theory

Analysis of the determinants of aggregate production, prices, interest rates, and employment in macroeconomic models that combine the business, household, government, and financial sectors. Prerequisites: ECON 110 and MATH 108 or MATH 110 with grades of C- or better.

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ECON 245: Child Labor in Latin America

Explores the role of child labor in the economies of developing Latin American countries, focusing on the question 'Do countries need to use child labor to industrialize?' Historically, industrialized countries have relied heavily on children to work in factories and mines. Today it appears history is repeating itself as developing countries utilize children in the informal sectors. The employment of children in Brazil, Colombia, Peru, Chile, and Argentina will be examined in detail. The economic, political, social/cultural, and technological explanations for child labor will be explored for each country. Prerequisite: ECON 110. (This course satisfies Global Perspective.)
cross listed: LNAM 245

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ECON 255: Economic Analysis of Public Policy

This course introduces students to the economic methods used in policy making and evaluation. The course examines efficiency and equity rationales for enacting policy. Case studies are used to introduce current issues and policy proposals. Students learn how to identify and account for positive and negative externalities, and how to apply cost-benefit analysis and other policy evaluation techniques. Case studies are chosen from a variety of areas, including inequality, economic growth, regulation, and the provision of services, among others. Prerequisite: ECON 110. (This course satisfies Social Science.)
cross listed: PPCY 255

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ECON 310: Industrial Organization

Analysis of the behavior of firms under different industrial structures - competitive, monopolistic, oligopolistic. An evaluation of antitrust policies and other government regulations of industry. Specific topics covered include advertising, auctions, networks, product differentiation, market standards, and vertical and horizontal integrations. Prerequisite: ECON 210 with a grade of C- or better.

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ECON 313: Money & Banking

Analysis of bank and nonbank financial institutions. Topics include the S&L crisis, the impact of the 1980 and 1982 deregulation acts, the changing role of the Federal Reserve and the ability to conduct effective monetary policy, and bank asset and liability management. Prerequisite: ECON 220.

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ECON 320: Labor Economics

In this course, standard theories of labor economics are developed. Topics include labor supply, labor demand, education, discrimination, contracting, and unions. Particular emphasis is given to the labor force participation of married women and single mothers, earnings, wage distributions and inequality, job training, and employment benefits. Empirical analysis complements theoretical modeling, especially in the area of women's work and international comparisons regarding labor laws and labor market outcomes. Prerequisite: ECON 210. (This course satisfies Speaking Intensive.)
cross listed: GSWS 320

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ECON 325: Economics of Land

(The Economics of Land: Valuation, Use, and Taxation) The course examines several different roles of land in the economy; as a productive asset, as an investment, as a store of value, and as a base for taxation. Topics to be covered include various definitions of property rights, regulatory policy toward land use and land preservation, models of land valuation, and the theory and practice of property taxation and tax preferences. We examine policies across different states, countries, and eras. Prerequisite: ECON 210 or permission of instructor
cross listed: ES 325

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ECON 330: Econometrics

This course introduces students to the statistical methods that economists use to evaluate empirical relationships and test economic theory. Students are introduced to econometric techniques for analyzing real-world data. Emphasis is placed on using software to execute data analysis as well as on developing the skills needed to understand empirical papers in economics. In addition to ordinary least squares regression, a wide range of advanced econometric techniques will be covered. The advanced topics change from semester-to-semester, but may include topics such as differences-in-differences, instrumental variables, limited dependent variables, fixed-effects models, and time series techniques. Students carry out a semester-long, original, empirical research project. Prerequisites: ECON/BUSN/FIN 130, COLL 150, and MATH 109 or MATH 110, and either ECON 210 or ECON 220 or permission of instructor. (This course satisfies Technology Intensive.)

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ECON 340: Environ & Natural Resource Econ

(Environmental and Natural Resource Economics) Examines different economic theories regarding optimal use of renewable and nonrenewable resources, why market responses to pollution are typically unsatisfactory, and optimal pollution control. These theories are then applied to the real world, taking into consideration political and technological constraints. The impact of past and current policy on the environment will be studied, as will the potential impact of proposed legislation. Prerequisite: ECON 210 or permission of the instructor.
cross listed: ES 340

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ECON 345: Economics and Law

This course covers an economic analysis of laws and legal institutions with an emphasis on how they affect markets and individual decision-making. Topics covered will include property, contract, tort, criminal, environmental, and antitrust laws. Prerequisite: ECON 210.

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ECON 350: Public Finance

Theory and policy analysis of the effects of government spending and taxation on the allocation and distribution of income. Special attention is given to tax reform proposals and other current policy issues. Prerequisite: ECON 210.

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ECON 355: International Economics

This course covers the elements shaping economic structures that drive global trade flows and the core principles of international financial theory. Topics covered include absolute and comparative advantage, neoclassical theories of trade, and alternative trade theories and their extensions beyond the neoclassical framework. The class also covers several topics in international finance, such as exchange rate determination, balance of payments accounting, and the evolution of the international monetary system. Prerequisite: MATH 109 or 110 and either ECON 210 or 220 or permission of instructor.
cross listed: FIN 355

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ECON 360: Health Economics

Examines how economic analysis can be applied to various components of the health care system. Microeconomic theory is used to understand the operation of health care markets and the behavior of participants (consumers, insurers, physicians, and hospitals) in the health care industry. International comparisons and the role of the public sector will be included. Prerequisites: ECON 210.

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ECON 375: Economics of Sport

The purpose of this course is to analyze the economics of sport. Sport throughout the world has a distinct and substantial commercial character, and developments in the world of modern sport cannot be fully understood without applying economic principles and methodology. Topics discussed include the market for players, the implications of the functioning of league monopolies, and an analysis of the economic impact of stadiums and mega-sports events such as the World Cup and the Olympic Games. Prerequisite: ECON 210.

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ECON 380: Game Theory

Game theory is the study of purposeful behavior in strategic situations. Game theory incorporates mathematical models of conflict and cooperation in situations of uncertainty (about nature and about decision makers). Various solution concepts such as Nash equilibrium, subgame perfect equilibrium, Bayesian and perfect Bayesian equilibrium will be analyzed. These concepts will be illustrated using a variety of economic models, from industrial organization, bargaining, the role of repeated interaction, and models of asymmetric information. Prerequisites: ECON 210 and MATH 110.

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ECON 381: Economics of Development

Studies the problem of sustaining accelerated economic growth in less-developed countries. This course emphasizes the issues of growth; poverty and inequality; how land labor and credit affect economic development; problems of capital formation, economic planning and international specialization and trade; and the interaction of industrialization, agricultural development, and population change. Prerequisite: ECON 210. (This course satisfies Global Perspective.)

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ECON 385: Mathematical Economics

Calculus and linear algebra are applied to the analysis of microeconomic and macroeconomic theory. The tools of mathematical optimization are developed with a particular focus on comparative statics. Issues of discrete and continuous time and uncertainty in economics are explored. Prerequisites: MATH 111 and either ECON 210 or 220; or permission of instructor.

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ECON 410: Markets, Public Policy, and Society

This course explores the role of public policy in addressing market inefficiencies and analyzes the social costs and benefits of government intervention. Particular emphasis will be given to understanding how public policies affect firms and employees. Topics may include minimum wages, social security, immigration, taxation, education, and the affordable care act. Prerequisite: ECON 210 or BUSN 210. (This course satisfies Speaking Intensive.)
cross listed: BUSN 410

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ECON 430: International Trade Theory & Policy

Analysis of elements of economic structure that determine trade flows, theory relating to how trade flows alter economic structure, the free trade versus protectionism argument, and selected topics in international economic integration and development. . Prerequisites: ECON 210 and ECON 220; and junior or senior standing.

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ECON 431: International Finance

Identifies and analyzes fundamentals of international financial theory. Topics include exchange rate determination, balance of payments accounting, and international monetary systems and their evolution. Prerequisites: Economics 210 and 220; and junior or senior standing.
cross listed: FIN 431

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ECON 440: Advanced Macroeconomics

Analysis and comparison of Keynesian, neoKeynesian, neoclassical, monetarist, and rational expectationist perspectives on macroeconomic theory and stabilization policy. Prerequisites: MATH 110 and ECON 220; and junior or senior standing.

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ECON 455: Financial Econometrics

This course provides an introduction to the principles of financial econometric theory and practical applications. By using relevant financial datasets and a hands-on approach, the class introduces advanced undergraduate-level time-series econometric concepts. These topics include stationary dynamics, nonstationary series, error correction and cointegration models, and univariate GARCH models. The course aims to provide insights into the dynamics of financial markets and the tools necessary in empirical finance. Prerequisite: ECON 330 or permission of instructor (This course satisfies Senior Studies and Technology Intensive.)
cross listed: FIN 455

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ECON 465: Poverty, Inequality, Discrimination

This course explores how the discipline of economics can explain and analyze the causes and effects of poverty, inequality and discrimination. It will examine how various populations (defined by race, age, gender, class, sexual orientation, etc.) experience these differently. Students will be introduced to (1) economic theories of poverty, inequality and discrimination, (2) ways to measure each and (3) public policies designed to mitigate poverty, inequality and discrimination in the US. Prerequisite: ECON 110 with a grade of C- or better. (Under the Forester Fundamental Curriculum, this course meets the Domestic Pluralism requirement. Under the old GEC, this course meets the Social Science and Cultural Diversity requirements.) (This course satisfies Senior Studies and Domestic Pluralism.)
cross listed: BUSN 465, GSWS 465

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ECON 483: Behavioral Economics and Finance

This course surveys research incorporating evidence from psychology into economic and financial decision-making theory. The aim of the course is to understand economic and financial models that more realistically explain and predict observed outcomes. The course explores prospect theory, biases in probabilistic judgment, projections biases, default effects, self-control problems, mental accounting, fairness and altruism. Students will use these tools to understand public goods contributions, financial market anomalies, consumption and savings behavior and myriad market outcomes. Prerequisites: ECON/BUSN/FIN 130 (or ECON/BUSN 180) and ECON 210.
cross listed: FIN 483

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ECON 489: Globalization and Its Impact

This course examines the impact of globalization and cross border trade on industrialized and emerging countries. We focus on areas where US multinational companies have created sweatshops and fostered worker exploitation and cultural disintegration, as they have in Latin America and Asia. We explore the economic impact of climate change, pandemics, and nationalism on poverty, immigration, and GDP growth using both microeconomics and macroeconomics. Student groups conduct a theoretical and analytical analysis of the economic progress of Mexico, Brazil, Bolivia, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Venezuela, China, and India. Prerequisites: ECON/BUSN 130 (or ECON/BUSN 180), and either BUSN 210, ECON 210, or ECON 220. Cross listed: BUSN 489 (This course satisfies Global Perspective and Speaking Intensive.)
cross listed: BUSN 489

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ECON 490: Internship

Provides an opportunity to supplement academic training with work experience in the field of business and economics. Interested students must work with Career Services to develop a resume and register with the instructor by the following deadlines: by April 1 for a Fall internship; by November 1 for a Spring internship; and by the week following spring break for a Summer internship. Business and Economics internships may be done for either one or two credits. Prerequisites: junior or senior standing, Economics 110 with a grade of C- or better as well as other designated courses relevant to the internship and earning a C or better in combination of these courses and Economics 110. Internships need to be for different experiences therefore continuation of previous internships, part-time or summer jobs is not allowed. The department will not give credit for internships that do not build directly on prior course work. Students on academic probation are ineligible for this program. Contact the Internship Supervisor for Economics and Business regarding additional information and guidelines. (This course satisfies Experiential Learning.)
cross listed: BUSN 490, FIN 490

BUSN 130: Applied Statistics

This course covers three standard topics in statistics at the introductory level: probability theory, statistical inference, and regression analysis. Among the individual topics covered are descriptive statistics, probability rules, discrete probability distribution functions including the bivariate and binomial distributions, continuous density functions including the Normal and t distributions, sampling, hypothesis testing, test statistics, p-values, correlation versus causation, and an introduction to multivariate linear regression analysis. All topics are applied to techniques important to analyze economic, business, and financial behavior. Students who have taken this course will not receive credit for MATH 150. (This course satisfies Quantitative Reasoning.)
cross listed: ECON 130, FIN 130

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BUSN 210: Managerial Economics

Application of economic analysis to business decisions. It covers economic tools with applications to demand analysis, pricing policies, competitive strategy, cost analysis, and decision making. Prerequisites: ECON 110 and either MATH 108, MATH 110, or MATH 160, all with a grade of C- or better

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BUSN 220: Fundraising & Sales

Central to the class experience is the essential question: How can mastering the skill of asking improve every aspect of our lives? In this course, in addition to learning how to ask, students gain an understanding of how asking is an essential tool to identify and solve problems. Through hands-on exercises, students focus on developing the leadership traits that make successful salespeople and fundraisers with an emphasis on resilience and empathy. The course highlights the differences between fundraising for nonprofit entities and selling in corporate and entrepreneurial environments. Prerequisite: ENTP 110 and Sophomore standing.
cross listed: ENTP 220

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BUSN 225: Principles of Marketing

This course focuses on the analysis of how marketing concepts impact an organization through the development of the marketing mix (product, price, place and promotion). Building upon these concepts, students develop an understanding of how marketing managers develop specific strategies in order to gain competitive advantage in a global economy. No prerequisites.

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BUSN 230: Financial Accounting

Methods, practices, and concepts underlying the communication of relevant financial information to external parties. Development of the accounting model, measurement processes, data terminology and classification, internal control, interpretation and uses of financial statements. No prerequisites.

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BUSN 245: Principles of Management

This course introduces important organizational and management concepts and applications, and their relevance to individual and organizational goal attainment. The course revolves around the main functions of managers: planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. The emphasis is on real-world application through experiential learning. No prerequisites.

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BUSN 250: Business Information Systems

Business Information Systems introduces students to commonly used business software programs, including Excel, SQL, Tableau, and Power BI. Students use the software to frame, analyze, and communicate decision-relevant information. Students employ business information systems to design graphs, develop data relationships, develop best strategies, understand opportunity costs, and communicate strategies to deliver on the needs of an organization. The course emphasizes data analytics and analysis (descriptive, diagnostic, predictive and prescriptive) within the capabilities of each of the software programs. Prerequisites: COLL 150, ECON/BUSN/FIN 130, must have declared a major in Business, Finance, or Economics, and junior or senior standing or approval by instructor. (This course satisfies Technology Intensive.)
cross listed: FIN 250

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BUSN 310: Marketing Research

This course focuses on managing the marketing research process, which provides information to drive business decision-making. It emphasizes an understanding of the theoretical foundations and applications of research design, data collection methods, and data analysis techniques. Learning experiences involve planning and implementing quantitative and qualitative primary research, case study analysis, and team presentations based on data collection experiences. Prerequisite: BUSN 225 with a grade of C- or better and COLL 150

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BUSN 315: Operations Management

The course covers subjects related to the management process in a production system. The following topics are covered: design of products and services, quality control systems, capacity planning, process design, work analysis and measurement, facility location, and production scheduling. The inventory control system unit will discuss the relationship between inventory systems and other functions in an organization. Prerequisite: BUSN 230.

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BUSN 325: Digital Marketing & Analytics

[i]How can being consumer-focused and data-driven improve results?[/i] Entrepreneurs, social leaders, professionals, and individuals need digital brand-building skills and marketing acumen to sell themselves and their ideas, products, and services. This course takes a human-centered approach to teaching how end users and their buying decisions are influenced by digital media. The course teaches design thinking, digital tools, web analytics, and growth hacking frameworks through a combination of exposure to industry professionals, readings, and client projects. Prerequisite: ENTP 110 or BUSN 225.
cross listed: ENTP 325

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BUSN 328: Accounting for Nonprofit Entities

This course introduces students to the accounting practices of not-for-profit entities, including governmental and non-governmental organizations as well as hospitals, universities, and voluntary health and welfare organizations. Students gain an understanding of governmental and not-for-profit GAAP standards and learn how to prepare financial statements for nonprofits. The course covers government fund and non-fund accounts, proprietary funds, fiduciary funds, and the relationship between FASB and GASP. Prerequisite: BUSN 230 or permission of instructor

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BUSN 330: Intermediate Accounting

Accounting concepts, principles, and theory with an emphasis on the special problems that arise in applying these concepts to external reporting. This course is typically offered every fall semester. Prerequisite: Business 230 with a grade of C- or better and COLL 150 or instructor permission.

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BUSN 331: Managerial Accounting

This course examines the use of accounting information for evaluation of planning and control decisions, including budgeting, cost-volume analysis, product costing, and standards for planning, control, and performance measurement. This course is typically offered every fall semester. Prerequisite: Business 230 with a grade of C- or better and COLL 150 or permission of instructor

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BUSN 332: Auditing

This course explores issues related to internal and external auditing, such as: auditing standards (Generally Accepted Auditing Standards), fraud detection, professional ethics, and recent changes to regulations (including US Securities laws). This course is typically offered the spring semester of odd numbered years. Prerequisite: BUSN 230 with grade C- or better and COLL 150.

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BUSN 333: Cost Accounting

This course considers advanced topics in cost and managerial accounting, including: cost accumulation, cost behavior, break-even analysis, capital budgeting, management control systems, cost allocation methods and performance measurement. This class is typically offered in the spring semester of even numbered years. Prerequisites: BUSN 331.

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BUSN 334: Financial Accounting w/QuickBooks

Students in the course develop an understanding of how to use general ledger software utilizing QuickBooks. This includes company setup, setup and use of chart of accounts, recording and recognizing transactions, managing lists, generating customized reports, and preparing financial statements. Prerequisite: BUSN 230 with a grade of C-minus or better and COLL 150. This course is primarily offered during summer.

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BUSN 335: Intermediate Accounting II

This is the second course in the professional intermediate accounting sequence. This course emphasizes elements of balance sheet, specifically the components of long-term liabilities and equity, and the related elements in the income statement. This class is typically offered in the spring semester. Prerequisite: BUSN 330.

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BUSN 342: African Culture & Business Develop

(African Culture and Business Development.) While globalization can potentially enhance economic development and improve the quality of life, many nations, especially those in Africa, do not receive these benefits. Course emphasis will be on an analysis of efforts by businesses, community organizations, and government agencies to serve African societies plagued by poverty and other social concerns. Instructional resources will include: readings from sources with varied points of view; speakers representing countries and cultural groups; and field research visits to cultural exhibits and retail enterprises. Instructional experiences will include: (1) interviews with people familiar with various African cultures and business activities; (2) student team projects to analyze global cases for improvement of food production, water purification, health delivery, telecommunications, and educational programs and; (3) promotional activities to expand awareness of efforts to enhance economic development and quality of life in Africa. Prerequisite: Junior standing, or permission of instructor.
cross listed: IREL 312

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BUSN 343: Diversity in Organizations

The focus of the course is to help students develop an ability to understand, respect, and value diversity. Through readings, discussions, and assignments students explore the application and implication of diversity to management activities. Issues related to discrimination, affirmative action, career development, socialization, and social change policies are explored. Historical, psychological, sociological, legal, and managerial viewpoints are highlighted. Prerequisite: BUSN 245 with a grade of C- or better. (This course satisfies Domestic Pluralism.)

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BUSN 344: Human Resource Management

This course adopts a strategic approach to human resource management by focusing on how organizations can align their human resource management practices to their strategy to gain a competitive advantage. Specifically, students learn about recruitment, selection, training, performance management, reward systems, and other employment relations practices, and how organizations can design them to attract, motivate, and retain the best talent. Students acquire critical skills for career development that will help them stand out from their peers. The course also covers current trends and legal issues that impact human resource management. Prerequisite: BUSN 245 with a grade of C- or better, and COLL 150.

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BUSN 345: Organizational Behavior

This course includes theory, research, and practical application of Organizational Behavior. Organizational Behavior is the study of how individuals, groups, and workplace contexts impact behavior within an organization. The goal of this course is to help students understand what predicts and influences employee attitudes and behavior in order to improve organizational effectiveness. Topics include: personality differences, work motivation, leadership, influence processes, and group dynamics.Prerequisite: BUSN 245 with a grade of C- or better and COLL 150 or permission of instructor

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BUSN 348: Performance and Compensation

How do you get employees to do what the firm wants and needs them to do? This is a central puzzle of organizations that has bedevilled managers ever since the birth of organizations. A variety of solutions have been attempted over the years, with varying degrees of success. This course introduces students to the concepts, principles, and practices of compensation and performance management that are critical to create a competitive advantage. Prerequisite: BUSN 344.

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BUSN 349: Leadership in Organizations

The emphasis of the course is on developing skills to be effective in leadership roles in organizations. This course serves as an overview of selected aspects of human behavior in general and employee behavior in particular as it applies to organizations. We discuss a variety of selected topics pertaining to the beginnings of the modern organization and organizational behavior, motivation, leadership in organization, teamwork, and learning. We focus more specifically on leadership and related soft skills. Students develop an appreciation of such areas of soft skills through discussions of readings, films, and cases, in-class activities, lectures, assignments and interactions in class and outside of class. Students have an opportunity to share their knowledge and experience during discussions in class. They also have the opportunity to engage in activities that will help them to better recognize the difference between management and leadership and understand different approaches to leadership. Moreover, students develop a more systematic knowledge of the field by learning more about guiding frameworks and blending theory with practice. ECON 110 with a grade of C- or better, and at least sophomore standing.

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BUSN 355: Consumer Behavior

To be successful, all businesses need individual consumers to decide to purchase their products. Consumer Behavior is an interdisciplinary course that examines how internal, external, situational, and social influences impact purchase behavior. While all of us are consumers, our intuitions about our own behavior as well as that of others are often inaccurate. Drawing on research from behavioral economics, psychology, sociology, anthropology, and academic marketing, this course enhances students' understanding of how and why people choose, use, and evaluate goods and services as they do. Through class discussions, cases studies, and projects, students learn why understanding consumer behavior is critical to creating successful marketing strategies. Prerequisite: BUSN 225 with a grade of C- or better, and COLL 150.

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BUSN 357: Marketing Strategy

This course helps students develop strategic thinking and problem-solving capabilities. Using a hands-on approach that emphasizes student interactions and critical thinking, students learn to identify, analyze, and address marketing problems and opportunities to make more effective decisions for competitive advantage. Through lectures, case analyses, and virtual experiences, students apply theoretical frameworks to various strategic issues commonly encountered as marketing managers and in consulting positions. Prerequisite: BUSN 225 and COLL 150 or instructor permission.

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BUSN 360: Global Social Entrepreneurship

How does social entrepreneurship affect local and global economics and culture? Social entrepreneurs identify problems that negatively impact a specific demographic and mobilize the resources to solve the problem. The process ofsocial entrepreneurship involves taking direct action and measuring the impact of the solution against a stated mission. Thiscourse uses case studies, readings, and lectures to analyze the impact of social ventures while identifying social andenvironmental problems that are still in need of better solutions. Prerequisite: Any of the following: ENTP 110, ENTP 120, ECON 110, SOAN 110, POLS 110, POLS 120, RELG 118, or permission of instructor. Cross-listed as: ENTP 360, IREL 316 (This course satisfies Global Perspective.)
cross listed: ENTP 360, IREL 316

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BUSN 380: Intrapreneurship: Innov in Organiz

(Intrapreneurship: Innovation in Existing Organizations) Innovative corporations, institutions, and social organizations require entrepreneurial-minded teams who can identify and create new opportunities, new products, greater value, and more meaningful relationships with their customers. Operationalizing innovation within organizations requires substantial challenges including navigating bureaucracy, risk aversion, political conflicts, intolerance of failure, and lack of leadership support. Through hands-on group exercises, case studies, and real-world experience, students learn to apply Design Thinking and Value Proposition Design frameworks to develop, test, and create value within existing organizations, and learn how to do so in a team-based environment. Prerequisite: One of the following four courses--ENTP 220, ENTP 250, BUSN 225, or BUSN 245. (This course satisfies Experiential Learning.)
cross listed: ENTP 350

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BUSN 410: Markets, Public Policy, and Society

This course explores the role of public policy in addressing market inefficiencies and analyzes the social costs and benefits of government intervention. Particular emphasis will be given to understanding how public policies affect firms and employees. Topics may include minimum wages, social security, immigration, taxation, education, and the affordable care act. Prerequisite: ECON 210 or BUSN 210. (This course satisfies Speaking Intensive.)
cross listed: ECON 410

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BUSN 430: Federal Tax Accounting

Advanced discussion of tax issues relating to individual and corporate income taxation. Concepts for individual taxation include gross income, exclusions, deductions, exemptions, credits, as well as property transactions. Concepts for corporate income taxation include differing tax aspects of corporations and partnerships such as formation, operations and distributions. Prerequisite: BUSN 230 with a grade of C- or better, Junior or Senior standing, and declared Accounting Concentration or permission of instructor.

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BUSN 460: Brand Management and Positioning

Designed for the marketing enthusiast, this course will dive deeply into the key marketing responsibilities necessary to build strong and profitable brands. Using both theory and practice, students will address the tasks that constitute modern marketing management, including: driving the company's mission, vision and strategic plan, capturing marketing insights and performance, connecting with customers, shaping marketing offerings, and delivering and communicating value. The course is designed to be highly interactive. Through case studies, presentations, problem-solving, and hands-on activities, students will have the opportunity to apply the concepts, ideas, and strategies presented in the text and in class in their weekly work. Prerequisite: BUSN 310, BUSN 355, BUSN 325 or BUSN 357 and Junior or Senior status, or permission of instructor.

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BUSN 465: Poverty, Inequality, Discrimination

This course explores how the discipline of economics can explain and analyze the causes and effects of poverty, inequality and discrimination. It will examine how various populations (defined by race, age, gender, class, sexual orientation, etc.) experience these differently. Students will be introduced to (1) economic theories of poverty, inequality and discrimination, (2) ways to measure each and (3) public policies designed to mitigate poverty, inequality and discrimination in the US. Prerequisite: ECON 110 with a grade of C- or better. (This course satisfies Senior Studies and Domestic Pluralism.)
cross listed: ECON 465, GSWS 465

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BUSN 480: Happiness: Key to Workplace Success

Organizations are increasingly prioritizing the importance of creating more fulfilling, satisfying and meaningful work for their employees. This course explores the science behind happiness in the workplace - aiming to correct misconceptions people hold about the relationship between happiness, success, and productivity at work. Students explore the literature to define workplace happiness, discover outcomes associated with workplace happiness, identify challenges facing the achievement of happiness at work, and thoughtfully examine ways to increase happiness at the individual, team, and organizational levels. This course involves extensive discussions, debates, hands-on activities, interventions, and research to explore and apply the concepts, ideas, and strategies from the course in their own lives and work as individual contributors and future leaders. Prerequisite: BUSN 245 and one of the following: BUSN 344, BUSN 345, BUSN 348 or BUSN 349.

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BUSN 489: Globalization and Its Impact

This course examines the impact of globalization and cross border trade on industrialized and emerging countries. We focus on areas where US multinational companies have created sweatshops and fostered worker exploitation and cultural disintegration, as they have in Latin America and Asia. We explore the economic impact of climate change, pandemics, and nationalism on poverty, immigration, and GDP growth using both microeconomics and macroeconomics. Student groups conduct a theoretical and analytical analysis of the economic progress of Mexico, Brazil, Bolivia, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Venezuela, China, and India. Prerequisites: ECON/BUSN 130 (or ECON/BUSN 180), and either BUSN 210, ECON 210, or ECON 220. Cross listed: ECON 489 (This course satisfies Global Perspective and Speaking Intensive.)
cross listed: ECON 489

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BUSN 490: Internship

Provides an opportunity to supplement academic training with work experience in the field of business and economics. Interested students must work with Career Services to develop a resume and register with the instructor by the following deadlines: by April 1 for a Fall internship; by November 1 for a Spring internship; and by the week following spring break for a Summer internship. Business and Economics internships may be done for either one or two credits. Internships need to be for different experiences therefore continuation of previous internships, part-time or summer jobs is not allowed. The department will not give credit for internships that do not build directly on prior course work. Students on academic probation are ineligible for this program. Contact the Internship Supervisor for Economics and Business regarding additional information and guidelines. (This course satisfies Experiential Learning.)
cross listed: ECON 490, FIN 490

FIN 130: Applied Statistics

This course covers three standard topics in statistics at the introductory level: probability theory, statistical inference, and regression analysis. Among the individual topics covered are descriptive statistics, probability rules, discrete probability distribution functions including the bivariate and binomial distributions, continuous density functions including the Normal and t distributions, sampling, hypothesis testing, test statistics, p-values, correlation versus causation, and an introduction to multivariate linear regression analysis. All topics are applied to techniques important to analyze economic, business, and financial behavior. Students who have taken this course will not receive credit for MATH 150. (This course satisfies Quantitative Reasoning.)
cross listed: ECON 130, BUSN 130

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FIN 140: Introduction to Insurance

The insurance industry, operating from the fundamental principle of managing risk, interacts with a wide variety of disciplines and practices, from actuarial work to sales to modern advertising and sports marketing. Accordingly, this course provides a broad overview of the field, covering topics such as the definition of insurance, marketing, premiums, underwriting, instrument design and actuarial science, investing, claims processing, and the difference between personal and commercial insurance. Further, the course focuses on how the insurance industry drives global innovation, how it integrates with financial planning, how it uses technology to keep up with the pace of innovation, and how its driving principle, protection against future risk, plays a major role in daily life. No prerequisites.

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FIN 210: Financial Management

This course provides an overview of the questions and problems faced by financial managers, as well as an introduction to the basic set of tools they use to help them make optimal investment and financing decisions under conditions of risk and uncertainty. The main topics include time value of money, the valuation of bond and stocks, the trade-off between risk and return, the efficient markets hypothesis, the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), cost of capital, and a brief introduction to derivative securities and international finance issues. Prerequisites: ECON 110 and ECON/BUSN/FIN 130 with grades of C- or better.

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FIN 250: Business Information Systems

Business Information Systems introduces students to commonly used business software programs, including Excel, SQL, Tableau, and Power BI. Students use the software to frame, analyze, and communicate decision-relevant information. Students employ business information systems to design graphs, develop data relationships, develop best strategies, understand opportunity costs, and communicate strategies to deliver on the needs of an organization. The course emphasizes data analytics and analysis (descriptive, diagnostic, predictive and prescriptive) within the capabilities of each of the software programs. Prerequisites: COLL 150, ECON/BUSN/FIN 130, must have declared a major in Business, Finance, or Economics, and junior or senior standing or approval by instructor. (This course satisfies Technology Intensive.)
cross listed: BUSN 250

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FIN 310: Corporate Finance

This course studies the theory, methods, and issues of corporate finance. The emphasis throughout is on the economic principles that underlie business financial decisions and their impact on wealth maximization. The content includes capital budgeting, optimal capital structure, payout policies, financial planning, working capital, and corporate restructuring issues related to ownership and control. Prerequisites: FIN 210, BUSN 230 and MATH 108 or MATH 110 all with a grade of C- or better and COLL 150

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FIN 320: Investments

This course provides an examination of financial securities and financial markets from the perspective of individual investors. The main topics include securities markets, security analysis, portfolio theory, mutual funds, derivative securities, market efficiency, behavioral finance, and industry regulations. Prerequisites: ECON 210, BUSN 230, FIN 210, MATH 108 or MATH 110 all with grades of C- or better and COLL 150 or permission of instructor.

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FIN 330: Financial Modeling

(Financial Modeling and Valuation) This is an advanced course in firm valuation. It covers conceptual and theoretical valuation frameworks with heavy emphasis on practical implementation using industry standards and best practices. Students develop in-depth knowledge of valuation using the methods of discounted cash flow analysis, multiples, and precedent transactions. Relevant accounting topics, economic theory, and finance theory are integrated into a step-by-step implementation of different valuation frameworks. The objective is to evaluate risks and opportunities of a firm from an investment perspective. Students learn about the advantages and disadvantages of different valuation methods, assumptions, and trade-offs inherent in each. Students use financial statements and other information sources to conduct a full firm valuation and develop a professional valuation models in Excel. Topics covered might also include advanced valuation scenarios such leveraged buyouts (LBOs), mergers and acquisitions, and start-up companies. Strong emphasis on advanced excel formulas and techniques used in practice. Solid foundation in Excel is expected from students in this course. Prerequisites: FIN 210, BUSN 230, ECON 210 all with grades of C- or better and COLL 150. (This course satisfies Social Science and Technology Intensive.)

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FIN 340: Risk Management and Insurance

Risk management is the identification, assessment, and prioritization of risks followed by a coordinated response to minimize, monitor, and control the probability and/or impact of adverse events. Strategies used to manage risks typically include transferring the risk to another party and reducing the probability of the risk. This course provides students with an in-depth analysis of insurance and risk management, focusing primarily on business risks but personal risk management issues are also covered. In addition to discussing risk management in general, topics include an overview of the private insurance market, how insurance is used in risk management, alternative methods for transfer risk, insurance asset management, and insurance company regulations and ratings. Prerequisite: FIN 210

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FIN 355: International Economics

This course covers the elements shaping economic structures that drive global trade flows and the core principles of international financial theory. Topics covered include absolute and comparative advantage, neoclassical theories of trade, and alternative trade theories and their extensions beyond the neoclassical framework. The class also covers several topics in international finance, such as exchange rate determination, balance of payments accounting, and the evolution of the international monetary system. Prerequisite: MATH 109 or 110 and either ECON 210 or 220 or permission of instructor.
cross listed: ECON 355

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FIN 365: Fundamental Equity Analysis

Fundamental equity analysis is a stock investment technique based on the economic concept that markets are not implicitly efficient, but instead trend towards efficiency in part using fundamental analysis as a tool to outperform markets by arbitraging inefficiencies in the market. The goal of fundamental equity analysis is to seek out discrepancies in consensus views on equity securities that impact valuation using a combination of financial statement analysis and forecasting, industry/sector analysis and forecasting in tandem with disciplined approaches to valuation based on various objective quantitative criteria. Upon completing this course, students will have a rudimentary working understanding of the methodology fundamental analysts use to pick sectors and stocks. The course is heavily writing-intensive, with weekly case studies. Prerequisites: BUSN 230, FIN 320, and either MATH 109 or MATH 108, all with a grade of C- or better, and COLL 150

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FIN 385: Options and Futures

This course introduces the economic functions of options and futures markets, discusses the basic underlying pricing mechanism of options and futures contracts, and provides a working knowledge of these contracts as risk management tools. Prerequisites: FIN 210 and FIN 320

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FIN 415: Corp Fin, Public Policy, & Society

(Corporate Finance, Public Policy, and Society) Theoretical and empirical issues in corporate finance are examined from the perspectives of the firm, the shareholders, and public policymakers. Topics covered include leveraged buyouts and mergers, corporate governance and managerial compensation, models of optimal capital structure and the impact of the tax system on corporate activity. Prerequisites: MATH 110, FIN 210, and FIN 310.

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FIN 420: Fixed Income Markets and Management

This course provides a thorough understanding of fixed income securities. These debt instruments are a critical source of capital for governments, corporations, and individuals. The fixed income markets are about twice as large as the global equity markets. This course studies the major fixed income security asset classes including treasuries, agencies, mortgage-backed, asset-backed, commercial mortgage, corporates, municipals, and private placements. The course then focuses on managing these securities in a real-world setting using leading techniques, including insurance asset management. Prerequisite: FIN 320.

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FIN 431: International Finance

Identifies and analyzes fundamentals of international financial theory. Topics include exchange rate determination, balance of payments accounting, and international monetary systems and their evolution. Prerequisites: Economics 210 and 220; and junior or senior standing.
cross listed: ECON 431

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FIN 450: Applied Value Investing

(Applied Value Investing: Special Situations) This course offers a practical introduction to value investing, with a focus on "special situation" investing. The course improves students' ability to identify the types of securities and areas of the market that are most likely to be mispriced. In other words, students sharpen their skills as good "fishermen" (general value investing skills) but in addition, they become more astute at identifying the best "fishing holes." Examples of special situations include companies that are undergoing unusual change, such as bankruptcy, financial distress, spin-off, merger, litigation, dividend-cut, etc. The class focuses on researching and monitoring, in real-time, companies whose securities meet these criteria. Additional topics include risk assessment, where to find information, and how to determine what is materially important in an age of information overload. Prerequisites: FIN 210, and either FIN 310 or FIN 320 (B- or better in all these courses taken).

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FIN 455: Financial Econometrics

This course provides an introduction to the principles of financial econometric theory and practical applications. By using relevant financial datasets and a hands-on approach, the class introduces advanced undergraduate-level time-series econometric concepts. These topics include stationary dynamics, nonstationary series, error correction and cointegration models, and univariate GARCH models. The course aims to provide insights into the dynamics of financial markets and the tools necessary in empirical finance. Prerequisite: ECON 330 or permission of instructor (This course satisfies Senior Studies and Technology Intensive.)
cross listed: ECON 455

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FIN 460: Sustainable and Energy Finance

This course aims to provide an understanding of sustainable and energy finance. Students are introduced to environmental, social, and governance (ESG) investing, climate and other environmental risks, sustainable financial products and the pricing of ESG, and climate and environmental risks in financial markets. Students also learn about the functioning of energy commodity markets and their relationship with other asset classes. Prerequisite: Junior/Senior standing, ECON 130 or equivalent, ECON 210, FIN 210, all with a grade of C- or better or premission of instructor. (This course satisfies Senior Studies.)

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FIN 465: Applied Investment Management

This is an advanced course that allows students to participate in live portfolio management while developing and implementing industry-standard investment research techniques. The class focuses on building and managing a $100 million, multi-asset class investment portfolio in a realistic asset management firm environment. The students, referred to as analysts, engage in fundamental securities analysis and valuation in both individual and team settings. Students present the results of their research, make investment recommendations, and evaluate the recommendations of others. Prerequisites: BUSN 230 with a grade of C- or better, FIN 320, and COLL 150 or permission of instructor.

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FIN 483: Behavioral Economics and Finance

This course surveys research incorporating evidence from psychology into economic and financial decision-making theory. The aim of the course is to understand economic and financial models that more realistically explain and predict observed outcomes. The course explores prospect theory, biases in probabilistic judgment, projections biases, default effects, self-control problems, mental accounting, fairness and altruism. Students will use these tools to understand public goods contributions, financial market anomalies, consumption and savings behavior and myriad market outcomes. Prerequisites: ECON/BUSN/FIN 130 (or ECON/BUSN 180) and ECON 210.
cross listed: ECON 483

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FIN 484: Financial Crises

(Financial Crises: Origins, Forecasts, Modelling.) The aim of the course is to understand the creation of financial crises from a behavioral perspective by tying together the history of financial crises with time series properties, experimental finance and asset pricing financial models. Students will be able to understand the endogeneity of financial crises by studying the most severe global financial crashes and explore the contribution of human behavior in generating/exacerbating business cycles. At the same time students will apply time series properties for forecasting market movements and identifying the correlation between asset prices with themselves. Students will also study asset pricing models from an equilibrium perspective, to understand how systematic departures from rationality affect financial markets. Topics covered will also include how certain phases of financial crises can be tested by laboratory experiments with students being introduced to the basics of experimental finance. Prerequisites: MATH 110, FIN 320. (This course satisfies Senior Studies and Speaking Intensive.)

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FIN 485: Quantitative Finance

The main focus of this course is on the empirical and quantitative tools necessary for investment decisions. Topics will include time series econometrics, return predictability, asset pricing models with emphasis on factor models, market efficiency and active investment, hedge funds, trading and exchange microstructure, role of quantitative finance in the financial recession, and an introduction to behavioral finance. The main emphasis is on common stocks, but other asset classes may be covered. The class will involve the use of spreadsheets software such as Excel and/or limited application of programming language such as Python. Prerequisites: COLL 150, FIN 210 and FIN 320. (This course satisfies Technology Intensive.)

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FIN 490: Internship

Provides an opportunity to supplement academic training with work experience in the field of business and economics. Interested students must work with Career Services to develop a resume and register with the instructor by the following deadlines: by April 1 for a Fall internship; by November 1 for a Spring internship; and by the week following spring break for a Summer internship. Business and Economics internships may be done for either one or two credits. Prerequisites: junior or senior standing, Economics 110 with a grade of C- or better as well as other designated courses relevant to the internship and earning a C or better in combination of these courses and Economics 110. Internships need to be for different experiences therefore continuation of previous internships, part-time or summer jobs is not allowed. The department will not give credit for internships that do not build directly on prior course work. Students on academic probation are ineligible for this program. Contact the Internship Supervisor for Economics and Business regarding additional information and guidelines. (This course satisfies Experiential Learning.)
cross listed: ECON 490, BUSN 490